Developing with JRuby is interesting, but it is also something of a challenge to deploy. If you develop applications deployed with JRuby Rack, I'm guessing that you probably don't bother starting a JRuby Rack web application as a part of your development cycle. In my experience, JRuby Rack is great, but the startup times are challenging. The solution? (It isn't satisfying...) Use C-Ruby during development and start Rails with "ruby scripts/server".